PhD Candidate · University of Bologna

Ludovico
Papalia

Legal scholar and researcher at the intersection of blockchain technology and legislative systems. Building the case for a simpler, more traceable law.

Ludovico Papalia
Primary Affiliation
Università di Bologna — CIRSFID
Co-tutela
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Industry Collaboration
IOTA Foundation
Supervisors
Prof. Monica Palmirani · Prof. Marco Giacalone

Law meets
distributed ledgers

DLT & Governance

How blockchain protocols can serve as tamper-evident registries for legislative acts, amendments, and enforcement history — bringing auditability to public law.

📜
Digital Legal Drafting

Computational analysis of legal text using XML standards such as Akoma Ntoso, enabling machine-readable legislation and automated consistency checking.

🌐
Private International Law & Blockchain

Exploring conflict-of-laws problems arising from cross-border smart contracts and decentralised autonomous organisations — bridging technical and legal uncertainty.

💶
Digital Finance & CBDCs

Analysing the legal and technical dimensions of the Digital Euro project, with attention to privacy-by-design requirements and the EU regulatory framework for digital assets.

Scholar. Developer.
Citizen.

I am a third-year PhD candidate at the University of Bologna (Cycle 39), where I work under the supervision of Prof. Monica Palmirani within the CIRSFID research centre. My research sits at a genuinely unusual intersection: constitutional law, parliamentary procedure, and distributed computing — an area where almost every answer generates three new questions, which suits me fine.

Before the PhD I completed an LLM in Legal Informatics at La Sapienza, Rome (110/110 cum laude), and a five-year law degree at Milano-Bicocca, where I wrote on online hate speech. In between I did an Erasmus semester inside the Arctic Circle at the University of Lapland, which turns out to be an excellent place for thinking carefully and very bad for going outside.

Outside the research, I co-supervise thesis students at Università Milano-Bicocca, have taught computer science at secondary level, and write code in Python — anything from research automation scripts to home-lab infrastructure. I run competitively, think in systems, and am generally suspicious of complexity for its own sake, which is probably why simplification ended up as a research topic.

4+
Papers acceptedlate 2024 – 2025
3
CountriesItaly · Belgium · Finland
C1
English levelreading, writing, speaking
5+
Published volumesbooks & chapters

Academic &
Professional Path

2023 — present
PhD — Legal Informatics (DIN Blockchain)
Università di Bologna · co-tutela VUB Brussels
Doctoral research on legislative simplification through DLT, in collaboration with the IOTA Foundation and the PRIN2022/ERC HyperModeLex project. · National Interest PhD in Blockchain
Supervisors: Prof. Monica Palmirani · Prof. Marco Giacalone
2023 — present
Tutor — EU Law
Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
Supported undergraduate students in EU law, jurisprudence of the ECJ, and integration theory.
2020 — 2022
LLM in Legal Informatics, New Technologies & IT Law
Università La Sapienza di Roma
Graduated with highest honours (110/110 cum laude). Thesis: "Right to be Forgotten and Removal of Harmful Content". Deep focus on blockchain, AI, digital evidence, and e-commerce regulation.
110/110 cum laude
2020 — 2022
Trainee Lawyer — Bar of Milan
Foro di Milano
Completed the compulsory eighteen-month supervised legal practice required for admission to the Italian Bar, gaining hands-on experience in litigation, legal drafting, and client advisory — with a focus on civil and consumer law matters before the Milan courts.
Pratica Forense · Foro di Milano
2015 — 2020
Laurea Magistrale in Giurisprudenza (Law, 5 years)
Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
Thesis on the criminal repression of online hate speech — later republished as a volume available on Amazon. Erasmus semester at the University of Lapland, Rovaniemi.
2021 — 2023
Advanced Courses & Certifications
IBM · Bucerius Law School · Università Statale di Milano · Stanford · Harvard
IBM Blockchain Professional Certificate; Coding for Lawyers (Python); Digital Cybercrime & Investigations; Corporate Tax Governance; Contract Law (Harvard edX); Comparative Anti-Discrimination Law (Stanford).

Publications &
Talks

Skills &
Interests

🔐
Privacy & Cybersecurity
GDPR practitioner, digital rights advocate, and enthusiast of privacy-by-design architectures in both legal and technical contexts.
🌍
Civic Engagement
From volunteering at Expo Milano 2015 to the European Youth Event in Strasbourg, civic participation has been a constant thread since youth.
🐍
Python Development
Research automation, data pipelines, web scraping, and home-lab tools. Contributor to open-source Python libraries on GitHub.
🏠
Home Lab & Self-hosting
Proxmox HA clusters, UniFi networking, Home Assistant, Frigate NVR, and Meshtastic LoRa mesh networks. If it can run at home, it probably does.
🏃
Competitive Running
Middle-distance athlete with Atletica Gavirate since secondary school. Running is about pace, strategy, and knowing when to push — which applies to research too.
📡
DIY Electronics
ESP32, ESPHome sensors, and LoRa/Meshtastic mesh networking. Building smart devices that respect user privacy from the ground up.

Let's talk about
law, code,
or both.

I'm always happy to hear from researchers, practitioners, and developers working at the edge of technology and governance.

site-contact@ludovicopapalia.com in LinkedIn ludovicopapalia.com

Disclaimer

Le opinioni espresse in questo sito, e in qualsiasi altra sede — online, offline o pubblica — incluse, senza limitazione alcuna, posizioni politiche, valutazioni sociali e giudizi di qualsiasi natura, sono esclusivamente e strettamente personali di Ludovico Papalia. Esse non sono in alcun modo riconducibili, né devono essere associate, a persone, istituzioni, enti, organizzazioni o editori con cui Ludovico collabora, ha collaborato o ha pubblicato.

The views expressed on this website, and in any other context — online, offline, or public — including, without limitation, political positions, social assessments, and judgments of any kind, are solely and strictly personal to Ludovico Papalia. They are in no way attributable to, nor should they be associated with, any persons, institutions, entities, organizations, or publishers with whom Ludovico collaborates, has collaborated, or has published.